Delinquency and Opportunity

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Delinquency and Opportunity: A THEORY OF DELINQUENT GANGS By Richarcl A. Cloward and Lloyd E. Ohlin new york school of social wohk, columbia university How do delinquent gangs arise, recruit members, develop different law-violating ways of life, and persist or change? The three generál types of delinquent gangs-Street warriors, drug addicts, and apprentiee criminals-offer not only very different stvles of life for their members, but alsó very different problems for soeial eontrol and prevention. More specifically, the groups are: The "criminal gang"-devoted to theft, extortion, and other illegal means of securing an income; somé of whose members may graduate into the ranks of organized or Professional críme. The "conflict gang"-ívhere the participation in acts of violence becom.es an important means of securing status. The "refreatist gang"-the most enigmatic group, where the consumption of drugs is stressed, and addiction is prevalent. The authors clearly argue that major changes... Tovább

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Delinquency and Opportunity: A THEORY OF DELINQUENT GANGS By Richarcl A. Cloward and Lloyd E. Ohlin new york school of social wohk, columbia university How do delinquent gangs arise, recruit members, develop different law-violating ways of life, and persist or change? The three generál types of delinquent gangs-Street warriors, drug addicts, and apprentiee criminals-offer not only very different stvles of life for their members, but alsó very different problems for soeial eontrol and prevention. More specifically, the groups are: The "criminal gang"-devoted to theft, extortion, and other illegal means of securing an income; somé of whose members may graduate into the ranks of organized or Professional críme. The "conflict gang"-ívhere the participation in acts of violence becom.es an important means of securing status. The "refreatist gang"-the most enigmatic group, where the consumption of drugs is stressed, and addiction is prevalent. The authors clearly argue that major changes in the existing soeial setting of delinquency will have to be made before elimination or even eontrol of the problem can be considered. Should the pressures within society which pro(continued on back flap)
(continued from f ront flap) duce delinquent behavior remain the same, we cannot hope to stem the trend toward violence and retreatism among adolescents in úrban areas. Delinquency and Opportunity follows the intellectual tradition of Emilé Durkheim and Róbert K. Merton, linking their theories of deviant behavior with those developed by Clifford R. Shaw, Henry D. McKay, and Edwin H. Sutherland. The result is a new explanation of delinquency which the authors call the theory of differential opportunity systems. A highly readable book designed to inform the layman as well as the speciálist. About the Authors RICHÁRD A. CLOWARD received his MSW degree from the New York School of Social Work, and his Ph.D. degree in Sociology from Columbia University. He is currently Associate Professor at the New York School of Social Work of Columbia and directing, jointly with Lloyd Ohlin, several studies in the fíelds of delinquency and penology. LLOYD E. OHLIN received his graduate degrees in Sociology from Indiana University and the University of Chicago. Formerly Director for the Center for Education and Research in Corrections at the University of Chicago, he has, since 1956, been a Professor at the New York School of Social work of Columbia. Vissza